Japan ke Tokugawa (okanye Edo) ixesha, nto leyo ithathe ukusuka kwi, izakuba yokugqibela ka-era esiqhelekileyo Isijapanese urhulumente, inkcubeko kunye nemibutho yoluntu phambi Meiji sigulo toppled ixesha elide-reigning Tokugawa shoguns kwaye propelled lizwe kwi bale mihla eraTokugawa Ieyasu ke dynasty ka-shoguns presided phezu iminyaka engama-uxolo nempumelelo kwabo kwi-Japan, kuquka kuvuka omtsha merchant iklasi kwaye ukwanda urbanization. Ukuba balinde ngokuchasene wangaphandle impembelelo, baye kanjalo isebenza ukuvala ngaphandle Isijapanese society ukusuka Westernizing influences, ingakumbi Christianity. Kodwa xa Tokugawa shogunate lokukhula kujike buthathaka yi-mid-th century, zimbini anamandla clans abaziwayo imikhosi ebutsheni ukuba seize amandla njengenxalenye i -"imperial ubuyiselo"gama kuba Emperor Meiji. I-Meiji Ubuyiselo spelled ekuqalekeni end kuba feudalism kwi-Japan, kwaye baya kukhokelela i-kokuhluma zanamhla Isijapanese inkcubeko, politics kunye nemibutho yoluntu. Ngexesha s, amandla waba decentralized kwi-Japan, esibizwa torn ngaphandle yi-mfazwe phakathi ethengisela feudal lords (daimyo) kuba phantse century. Ezi zinto zilandelayo yakhe victory kwi-Idabi Sekigahara kwi, nangona kunjalo, Tokugawa Ieyasu ngokukhawuleza consolidated amandla ukusuka yakhe heavily fortified castle e-Edo (ngoku Tokyo). I-prestigious kodwa largely powerless imperial inkundla ekuthiwa Ieyasu njengoko shogun (okanye supreme military inkokeli) ngowe, ekuqalekeni a dynasty ukuba ingaba umthetho Japan esilandelayo u -isiqingatha centuries. Nje ezisixhenxe emva kweminyaka Meiji ixesha waphela, ngokutsha modernized Japan waba lunxulumano njengoko omnye 'Omkhulu Ezintlanu' amagunya (ecaleni America, i-United States, France kwaye Italy) kwi-Versailles Uxolo Inkomfa ukuba iphelile Imfazwe Yehlabathi I. Ukususela ekuqalekeni, Tokugawa regime focused kwi reestablishing ukuze kwimicimbi yasekuhlalweni, ezopolitiko ngamazwe imicimbi emva century ye mfazwe. Lezopolitiko isakhiwo, esekwe Ieyasu kwaye solidified phantsi bakhe ababini ngqo successors, unyana wakhe Hidetada (ngubani ruled ukusuka -) umzukulwana Iemitsu, zibotshiwe zonke daimyos ukuba shogunate kwaye limited nawuphi na umntu daimyo ukusuka kokufumana kakhulu kakhulu ilizwe okanye amandla. Suspicious ka-langaphandle la manyathelo okungenelela kwaye colonialism, Tokugawa regime acted ukuba ilwalele abefundisi kwaye ekugqibeleni ekhutshwe olugqityiweyo ban kwi Christianity kwi-Japan.
Kufutshane ekuqalekeni Tokugawa xesha, kwakukho i-uqikelelo, Ngamakrestu kwi-Japan emva shogunate ke brutal repression a Christian ukuchasa ngomhla Shimabara Peninsula kwi, Christianity waba banyanzeleka phantsi komhlaba.
I-dominant ukholo ye-Tokugawa xesha kwakukho Confucianism, i-conservative inkolo nge ugxininiso olumandla kwi loyalty kwaye umsebenzi. Wawo iinzame ukuvala Japan ngaphandle basuke ukonakaliswa langaphandle impembelelo, Tokugawa shogunate kanjalo prohibited urhwebo kunye Western izizwe kwaye prevented Isijapanese merchants ukusuka orhwebo ngaphesheya. Kunye Act ka-Seclusion, Ejapan waba ngempumelelo kuzisikela ngaphandle ukusuka Kwintshona izizwe esilandelayo engamakhulu amabini (ngaphandle encinane isidutch outpost kwi-Nagasaki Harbor). Ngexesha elinye, kwagcinwa vala ubudlelwane wayalela Korea ne-China, besomeleza a zemveli Empuma Asian ezopolitiko ukuze ne-China e-embindini. I-Neo-Confucian inkumbulo ukuba dominated Japan ngexesha Tokugawa Ixesha lunxulumano kuphela ezine loluntu iintlobo-warriors (samurai), artisans, abalimi kwaye merchants-_ephathwayo: phakathi ezine iindidi waba officially prohibited. Kunye uxolo kwakhona, abaninzi samurai waba bureaucrats okanye enazithabathayo worhwebo. Ngexesha elinye, baba kulindeleke ukuba ugcine zabo warrior ikratshi kwaye military preparedness, oko kukhokelele kakhulu frustration zabo izintlu. Ngenxa yabo isiqingatha, peasants (ngubani made phezulu ipesenti ye-Isijapanese abantu behlabathi) ababebizwa kwalelwe ukusuka engaging kwi-non-kwezolimo imisebenzi, njalo ukuqinisekisa lwesivumelwano ingeniso kuba landowning abasemagunyeni. I-Isijapanese, uqoqosho lukhule significantly ngexesha Tokugawa xesha Ukongeza i-ugxininiso lwalo kwi imveliso yezolimo (kuquka qinisa isityalo ka-rice ngokunjalo sesame-oli, zuba-mnyama, sugar cane, mulberry, icuba kunye cotton), Ejapan ke commerce nemizi-mveliso imizi-mveliso kanjalo yandisiwe, ezikhokelela unyuko i kujike wealthy merchant iklasi kwaye baguqukele uhlumo Isijapanese izixeko.
A vibrant engaselunxwemeni inkcubeko iyakwazi ukuhluma iphakathi kwi-Kyoto, Osaka kwaye Edo (Tokyo), imida ukuba merchants, samurai kwaye townspeople kunokuba nobles kwaye daimyo, esiqhelekileyo patrons.
I-Genroku era balaseleyo wabona kuvuka ka-Kabuki theater kwaye Bunraku puppet theater, uluncwadi (ingakumbi Matsuo Bosho, umlawuli we haiku) kwaye woodblock ushicilelo. Njengoko yezolimo lagged kwi-uthelekiso ukuba mercantile kwaye abarhwebayo ngamacandelo, samurai kwaye daimyo akazange fare ngokunjalo i-merchant iklasi. Nangona kukho iinzame e yezemali phezu kwendawo komhlaba, iyanyuka kuchaswa seriously weakened i-Tokugawa shogunate ukususela mid-th ukuba mid-th century, xa iminyaka engama-indlala kukhokelele ukwanda peasant uprisings. Ngowe, zimbini anamandla-antayi-Tokugawa clans, Choshu kwaye Satsuma, zidibene inyanzelisa ukuba topple i-shogunate, kwaye zilandelayo kunyaka wavakalisa i -"imperial ubuyiselo"egameni young Emperor Meiji, owaye nje ezilishumi elinesine ubudala ngelo xesha. Uxolo kwaye uzinzo ye-Tokugawa xesha, uphuhliso loqoqosho ngayo fostered, umisela iqonga kuba eziquqa modernization ukuba wathabatha indawo emva Meiji Lomsebenzi. Ngexesha Meiji Xesha, apho waphela nge emperor ke ukufa ngowe, eli lizwe experienced ezibalulekileyo loluntu, lwezopolitiko noqoqosho tshintsha-kuquka abolition ye-feudal system kwaye abazali a ikhabhinethi inkqubo karhulumente. Ukongeza, inkqubo entsha regime evuliweyo lizwe kwakhona kwi-Western urhwebo kwaye impembelelo kwaye oversaw a buildup ka-military ukomelela ukuba ingaba kamsinya propel Japan kwi ihlabathi kwethuba.
