Ubuzwe-calulo kwaye xenophobia ingaba zikho kwi-Japan
Namhlanje, Ejapan ke indawo kwi ihlabathi iqonga sesinye intlonipho, imbeko nempembeleloNgokuqinisekileyo, xa omnye ikhangeleka ngokusondeleleneyo e-Japan ke ungeniso yamazwe ngamazwe kuluntu, ngokunjalo nezinye distinguishing ifekta ezifana zabo pacifist-siseko, omnye uyakwazi ukubona ukuba Japan kukuba ebekwe endaweni iselwa kakuhle njengoko a ihlabathi ngamandla. Enyanisweni ngabo ebekwe endaweni ukuba ibe imodeli kuba ihlabathi ngeendlela ezininzi (mna. Inqaku abalithoba Isijapanese-Siseko, pacifist diplomatic indlela yokulawula ngamazwe impixano, yokusingqongileyo protectionism, uxolo philosophy, oluntu ilungelo nogcino, njl. I-buchule lo essay ukuba luhlole njani Japan lilawula iilwandle ke elidlulileyo kwaye anike yamalungelo oluntu imingeni. Ukuba ngokupheleleyo ukuqonda Japan ke imingeni, kwimpumelelo kwaye advances kummandla amalungelo oluntu, umntu kufuneka luhlole Japan ke disturbing yamalungelo oluntu imbali. Akukho incoko malunga yamalungelo oluntu imiba kwi-Japan izakuba kubalulekile ngaphandle exploring yintoni undoubtedly ebalulekileyo blemish kwi-Japan ke oluntu akunjalo ke ingxelo ikhadi. Oko kukuthi, lo mba Isijapanese imfazwe ulwaphulo-mthetho wanikela ngexesha WWII. I-infamous Isijapanese imfazwe yolwaphulo-mthetho ziquka enjalo atrocities njengoko Bushido-isimbo killings apho Isijapanese abaphathi competed ukubona ezingakwazi ukubulala kakhulu abantu, babulale, kwaye maltreatment ka-Allied POW kwaye civilian internees, kanti mfazwe kwaye genocidal campaigns ngokuchasene Isitshayina. Ezinye atrocities ziquka kakuhle ezaziwayo, kodwa controversial, Nanking kwendyikityha Yokufa apho, abantu abulawa kwi-uninzi gruesome iindlela kwaye, abafazi baba raped yi-Isijapanese abaphathi. Atrocities wanikela e Nanking ziquka ngokwesiqu executions, torture, rape, looting, bushido, burned ekufeni, drowning, buried liphila, boiled liphila, intliziyo out, zikhali kwaye legs kuzisikela ngaphandle, tong kuzisikela ngaphandle, amehlo gauged ngaphandle, decapitation, mutilation ka-vagina, castration, nailing abantu ezibhodini, cannibalism, alahle babies phezulu kwaye bayoneting ngayo, njalo-njalo. (MFA Productions, ka-). Omnye kakuhle ezaziwayo imfazwe ulwaphulo-mthetho waba ekudalweni Iyunithi abo ihlole gruesome experiments kwi amabanjwa kufutshane Isitshayina isixeko Harbin. Kuthelekelelwa ukuba, Isitshayina baba tortured ukuba ukufa phakathi. I-Isijapanese urhulumente ezaziwayo kanjalo kuba infamous"Ezintathu Zonke"phulo apho Isijapanese Emperor ilungisiwe Isijapanese abaphathi"Ukubulala Zonke, Tshisa Zonke kwaye Loot Zonke"kuba banyanzeleka enslavement kwaye prostitution ka-malunga nama, isikorean, Isitshayina, Filipino kwaye Taiwanese abafazi,"intuthuzelo abafazi"(MFA Productions, ka-). Nangona Isijapanese Prime Umphathiswa Junichiro Koizumi sele eyandisiweyo a kulandelwe apology bonke identifiable victims of banyanzeleka prostitution (mna.
e."intuthuzelo abafazi") WWII ngokunjalo imbuyekezo, ngokunxulumene Yamalungelo Oluntu Jonga Ingxelo, i-UN Yamalungelo Oluntu Ibhunga kwaye numerous ii-ngos, kuquka Amnesty Ngamazwe kwaye Vital Amazwi abo, kuba criticized kweli lizwe ke apology.
Japan ke kaloku-day yamalungelo oluntu imiba bakholisa ukuba umbindi jikelele inani kakhulu imiba ukuba ingaba ngokwembali sele ngumngeni kuba ilizwe ukuba idilesi.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona ezi iinzame iingxaki ungakunqandi
Ezo ngxaki zi: unyango ka ke, ubuzwe minority amaqela, imiba ephathelene ukulingana kwaye umfazi u-amalungelo, kwaye addressing i-zembali ingxaki oluntu ngomntu ebukhobokeni njengoko kwi-Japan. Umthetho prohibits-calulo kwi qho ngokobuhlanga, isini, ukhubazeko, ulwimi, kunye namaqonga isimo. Nangona urhulumente ngokubanzi isetyenzisiwe ezi izibonelelo, nokucalulwa abafazi, ngokobuhlanga nangobuzwe minorities kwaye foreigners zihleli (Bureau Yesininzi, ngo-). I-iziphumo ka-calulo ingaba waziva ukuba baninzi ubuzwe kwaye minority amaqela Japan kuquka Buraku abantu, Ainu, abantu Okinawa, abantu ukusuka yangaphambili Isijapanese colonies ezifana Koreans, Isitshayina, nenzala yabo, ezinye foreigners, kwaye abasuka kwezinye iindawo, abasebenzi abo bathe kuvela zonke phezu e-Asia. Xa kukho imithetho ukuba prohibit ubuzwe-calulo, eli lizwe ke enkulu populations ka-isikorean, Isitshayina, kwaye Filipino abahlali baba phantsi kulinywa nzulu entrenched societal-calulo (Bureau Yesininzi, ngo-). Esi-calulo rhoqo kufuneka ifomu enomda ukufikelela izindlu, imfundo, kwaye amathuba emisebenzi. Amalungelo Oluntu Jonga Ingxelo kanjalo cited a widespread perception phakathi abemi ukuba ezi Japan kuzalwa zilandelayo:"foreigners"baba eliphathiswe uninzi yolwaphulo-mthetho wanikela kwi-Japan. Oku misperception persists nangona empirical data zaziswe yi-Kubulungiseleli Lobulungisa ebonisa ukuba yolwaphulo-mthetho wanikela yi -"foreigners"waba statistically ngaphantsi kune ulwaphulo-mthetho amazinga ka-Isijapanese abemi. Indigenous abantu ezifana Ainu kwaye Okinawans faced efanayo iipateni ka-calulo njengoko ezinye zilandelayo: minorities (McNeil). Japan kanjalo ibe igcwalisiwe kunye ukukhusela kwaye preserving oluntu amalungelo Isijapanese abafazi. Ngokumayela ezahlukeneyo ngemiba engqonge umfazi u-amalungelo, Ejapan iye ngokubanzi ezinikezelwe abafazi kunye efanayo amalungelo njengoko abantu. Umthetho criminalizes zonke iifomu ka-rape, kuquka spousal rape. Nangona inani kusini na rape iimeko baba significantly ngaphantsi abo kusini na kwi, kwakukho? kusini na rape iimeko ngexesha lokuqala isiqingatha okanye (Bureau Yesininzi, ngo-). Domestic violence against wasetyhini kwaye ngesondo ungcungcuthekiso emsebenzini zihleli iingxaki ngokunjalo. Kwi, Nesebe Lezempilo, Asebenze, nentlalo-ntle wafumana, imibiko ngesondo ungcungcuthekiso. Imithetho ukukhusela abasetyhini ukusuka ngesondo ungcungcuthekiso kuquka amanyathelo ukuchonga iinkampani ukuba ayiphumelelanga ukunqanda ngesondo ungcungcuthekiso, kodwa akakwazi ziquka tangible, punitive amanyathelo enforce kuphunyezwe engelilo publicizing amagama offending iinkampani. Ngokongezelelweyo, abafazi kwi-Japan kuqhubeka encounter calulo kwi-ingqesho kunye abafazi usamkela ngaphantsi kuno u-thirds ye-ngenyanga umvuzo earned nge abantu. I-groping samakhosikazi uluntu, ingakumbi subway iimoto, uqhubeka kuba yingxaki ngokunjalo. Kwi-Japan, ngaphezu, abantu bamele ababanjiweyo kunyaka ngamnye kuba groping kwi ezothutho. Oku prompted inani karhulumente amanyathelo okungenelela ezifana amapolisa crackdowns, ukwanda amapolisa ubuso kwi-subway iimoto, kwaye intshayelelo"abafazi kuphela"carriages ngexesha umgama wenkcochoyi iiyure. Ejapan iye imithetho ukuba amisele oluntu ubeko kuba ngesondo kunye okanye basebenze exploitation njengoko zolwaphulo mthetho offense. Nangona kunjalo, umntu ngomntu ebukhobokeni njengoko luhlala yamalungelo oluntu mba kuba ilizwe njengoko Japan uqhubekeka kuba engqongileyo kwaye transit lizwe kuba amadoda, abafazi, nabantwana abakhoyo trafficked kuba abarhwebayo ngokwesondo kwaye ezinye iinjongo. Ityala ebukhobokeni aze asebenze exploitation waba widely ichazwe ngokuthi basebenza activists, ii-ngos, shelters kunye namajelo eendaba. Ngokongezelelweyo, kwakungekho noticeable improvement kwi-Japan ke prosecution ka-ngesondo ngomntu ebukhobokeni njengoko yolwaphulo-mthetho.
I-qwalasela le essay wenziwe largely kwi ngemiba yamalungelo oluntu imiba impacting Japan ke abafazi minority populations.
Nangona kunjalo, umntu kufuneka bavuma ukuba Ejapan iye ngokubanzi yamalungelo oluntu imiba ezifana unyango lwamabanjwa kwi-prisons kwaye detention centers kwaye preserving amalungelo abantwana nabantu abakhubazekileyo nje igama ezimbalwa.
Ngexesha qwalasela le essay sele ukuba sele ukuchonga Japan ke elidlulileyo kwaye anike yamalungelo oluntu imingeni, ndiza kuba remiss ukuba andiyenzanga qaphela ukuba Japan lwenze immense inkqubela-phambili addressing yamalungelo oluntu imiba.
Kukwabaluleke kakhulu ukuba qaphela ukuba Ejapan iye yanegalelo ezibalulekileyo ixesha, dollazi kwaye diplomatic umzamo omkhulu ukuze ukuxhasa yamalungelo oluntu kwaye humanitarian imiba domestically ngokunjalo internationally. Njengoko kwakuchaziwe yi-Kubulungiseleli ka-Langaphandle Imicimbi Japan, ngezantsi ingaba abanye Japan ke domestic ngamazwe ukuzinikela ukuba ukukhusela kwaye preserving yamalungelo oluntu: Convention on the Elimination of Zonke Iifomu ye Nokucalulwa Abafazi Ngamazwe Convention on the Elimination of Zonke Iifomu ka-Ubuzwe-Calulo yazise icandelo Ezisisiseko Umthetho kuba Ngokwesini-ilingana no-Society yazise icandelo Lesibini Ezisisiseko Isicwangciso yokulingana Ngokwesini Wahlaziya No Imisebenzi Ithuba Umthetho Convention on Amalungelo Abantu abakhubazekileyo Officially waba kwimo Iqela le-Roma Statute ye-Ngamazwe Kwinkundla Yolwaphulo-Japan sele pledged ukuba cooperate ngokupheleleyo kunye zonke izibakala treaties Ejapan iye pledged ukusebenza ngokusondeleleneyo kunye imibutho yoluntu, kuquka i-non-governmental organizations kwi-promotion, ukumiselwa kwaye okukhusela amalungelo oluntu iinkqubo Ngokucacileyo, Ejapan iye demonstrated a nkxalabo kuba oluntu amalungelo kwisizwe abemi. Ngokongezelelweyo, Ejapan lwenze ezibalulekileyo ukuzinikela kwaye inkqubela ngakulo ukuba end. Njengoko kwakuchaziwe ngaphambi koko kule essay, Ejapan ke imbali yamalungelo oluntu violations ngexesha WWII yi enkulu stumbling block ukufumana phezu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba abe elifanelekileyo, umntu kufuneka khumbula ukuba kubalulekile i-unfortunate inyaniso ukuba wonke omkhulu isizwe sele kokuba ukuvuma kwaye koyisa elidlulileyo atrocities kwaye injustices zabo forefathers ukuba evolve kulo ihlabathi amagunya abo conscious waza wanikela ukuba zokukhuthaza kwaye kwanokulondolozwa kwisizwe yamalungelo oluntu.) Yinyaniso okanye Bubuxoki: Ngokunxulumene nalo essay, Ejapan kukuba ebekwe endaweni kakuhle kuba i-influential ihlabathi ngamandla kwaye imodeli kuba ke indawo kwi yamalungelo oluntu.) Ngokunxulumene nalo essay, Ejapan ke kaloku-day yamalungelo oluntu imiba ziquka zonke ezi zinto zilandelayo ngaphandle kokuba:) Yinyaniso okanye Bubuxoki: kuphunyezwe imithetho wadala ukukhusela abasetyhini ukusuka ngesondo ungcungcuthekiso ingaba ukutya.) Advances kwi-Japan ke domestic ngamazwe ukuzinikela ukuba ukukhusela kwaye preserving yamalungelo oluntu ziquka koku kulandelayo: Bureau Yesininzi, Amalungelo Oluntu, kwaye Basebenze ngo.
